Paper

whatsoever suspicion of copying or plagiarism in this work will progeny in an investigation of pedantic Misconduct and may result in a O on the work, an F in the line of achievement, or possibly to a greater extent severe penalties, as puff up as a Disciplinary circuit card on your academic record under(a) the Student Code of Academic Conduct, which jackpot be found online at http//www. Reason. Ca/senate/policies/pappy. PDF. Study of Times hold at Banks Introduction The Issues that ar outlet to be studied be the factors that walk out waiting term at a Bank ripe line.Some of the consequences of ample Walt while argon guest Relation and employee frustration, which leads to a bad reputation for the bank. The motivations for this look into are the improvement of service time, add-on in the node rejoicing and better corporate reputation. This proposal comprises the purpose of the experience, target universe and limitations for research, an explanation of the approa ch, and the expect results. Purpose The purpose of this project is to find the causes of the delay time at a Bank ND find the practical ways to avoid the delays.Scope The telescope of this project will scarce be limited to exclusively matchlessness particular branch as it would be nearly impossible to obtain info for an entire franchise. We will be looking and analyzing the AD branch fit(p) on Horntail SST. Abramson. The target population for this project Includes people of all period ranges going from 12 to 100 decide most of the data that will be collected will be based on daily guests (normally in the age range of 25-55) as they are considerably impacted by the broad wait lines as for them time is m nonpareily. newspaper publisherThe university was founded in 1885, which was before Arizona was officially a state. Arizona holds 31,670 undergraduate students and 8951 graduate students that read the 300+ majors offered. Within these students 120 countries are re displaye d. Tuition costs $29,421 for a non-resident of Arizona. In addition, at that place is a $9,714 room and dialog box fee. To travel a Wildcat, Arizona requires 4 years of English, and either a 21 or above on the English section of the ACT or a 530 on the reading section.They similarly require 4 years of Mathematics, and a 24 on the mathss portion of the ACT or a 540 on the math part of the SAT. Arizona overly requires that students take 3 years of lab science and score a 20 or mettle someer(prenominal) on the math portion of the ACT. If students took the SAT they might want to consider taking subject tests. Arizona requires 2 years of Hi novel classes, one the Statesn history course and one another(prenominal) history course. Further much, the University of Arizona requires 2 years of consecutive classes of a second language ( two classes must be the homogeneous language). Lastly, the university of Arizona requires 1 year of fine arts.Arizona requires that you maintain a 2. 0 GAP or higher through break through your high train career. During your time In high school you piece of tail just now get lower than a 2. 0, or C, twice to scarcelyton up be eligible for admission. University of Arizona hosts a classic system hosting both fraternities and sororities. Arizona Greek system is much larger In comparison to other schools consisting of 47 sororities and fraternities. On campus caparison holds 79% of students at Arizona In a total of 24 student-housing facilities. The other 21% live off campus. At Arizona there Is a balance of males and females. % of the population Is female, leaving 48% to male population. Downtown Tucson holds plenty to do for students and acts as the perfect college town. Paper By raunchy University of Arizona higher throughout your high school career. During your time in high school you grass system is much larger in comparison to other schools consisting of 47 sororities and fraternities. On campus housing holds 79% of stud ents at Arizona in a total of 24 student-housing facilities. The other 21% live off campus.PaperTo me there is a enormous difference in a college class discussion verse a discussion you piddle with your friend. In college classes you throw off to have a more skipper approach in how you speak or answer other classmates. When speaking to your friends who know you, they have good Judgment on when you are Joking close to or all the aforementioned(prenominal) if you are being sarcastic. I myself know that my friends and family even my co- workers all have keen Judgment on my mannerisms.My classmates however unlike my friends, family and co-workers do not know me so during class discussions I will fool sure that I fudge a point to convey my messages with respect and In a good tone so e trulyone will represent where I am coming from. I enjoy feed pricker and look forward to my classmates giving me their pollens on things and I scant Walt to see everyone elses point of view on d efinite topics we discuss.There are many contrary ways that you can demonstrate respect for your fashion plate classmates during class discussions such as good understanding, politeness and having a dogmatic attitude towards your peers. It Is good to turn up your classmates that o understand where they are coming from even if you do not agree, everyone is entitled to their own opinion and everyone has different ways of looking at certain issues.Being polite to your classmates is a great way to supply you are respecting them. We are all here to learn and grow together so together we can all achieve our goals and dreams. Approaching your classmates with a positive attitude will always send a good vibe, who has time for negativity navy? I know I certainly don so being positive towards others will go a long way. I will always track others the way I want myself and my daughter to be treated.PaperTimothy Hall, tells a story of a bold, independent, self confident, and assertive young women during the time of 1636 to 1638. Hall arranged his novel by organizing the chapters in her animation story around statements made at her trial. The study of Hutchinson life gives us the opportunity to enter into a different world of New Englands founding generation. As Halls questions what should we make of this remarkable women and her tragic fate? How did she understand herself? How did her contemporaries understand her? (Hall,2) are answered and supported throughout the novel. The answers to such questions can come only from a positive examination of Anne Hutchinson experience with religion, culture, and politics in early new-made England and its first colonies. Timothy Hall sets up the first chapter helping the readers comprehend who plainly Anne Hutchinson is, explaining where it is she came from and her back round instruction. Hutchinson was born during the Protestant Reformation, the year of 1592 in Alfred, Somerset, United Kingdom.Her parents, Francis and Mammar y were Puritans strong believers, although, they were forced to convert into the English Church. Ann.s parents had planned to raise her with Puritans beliefs, but too in healing. She was set up to marry William Hutchinson, once they planned to marry and start a family, they planned on raising their soon to be family under a Puritan roof with faithful beliefs. In order to go on with this lifestyle without persecution they planned on Joining a travel to America with other Puritans.PaperThe questionnaire is designed by the researchers a seven full point scale from tapingly disagree (-3) to strongly agree (+3) to identify variables of node trueheartedty. In the present study, we, therefore, used Cockroachs alpha scale as a measure of reliability. Its encourage is estimated to be 0. 897. Sophisticated statistical model as explorative agent Analysis (FEE) has been used. The results show that nine factors extracted from the analysis that together accounted 77. 891 percent of the total variance.Finally, on the basis of factor score, these factors were ranked (1)sales promotion (2) Provision of information (3)engagement (4)recommendation of the Product or Service(5)new brand (6) The grade of brand (7)eliminative (8) Bench Marking and (9) Environmental friendly cheek got the ranks of first to nine respectively and constitute the call factors of client inscription in leading sell supermarkets in I-J. Moreover, outcome of the research would be helpful to the practitioners, researchers, planners, policy makers and academicians, who are involved in the have-to doe with area.Keywords Customers Customer Loyalty and Retail Supermarkets. 1. 0 Background and significance In the ever-changing bank line world, almost every placement pays most attention o the nodes ever than before. For any organization, good understanding of guests, their needs and wants, their expectations on legal injury and quality of goods and services increase the potential to succeed. As a result, guest focus on market has occupied the top place in modern marketing concept. Every organization is ready to pay any means to identify and understand the customers and their needs.Consumers reaction will be in favor of an organization when their desires and expectations have been either met or exceeded in the course of experiencing the service. In the context of a retail supermarket, satisfaction could be interpreted as Just confluence the expectations of the customers, not any sort of exceeding or falling short of the expectations. Most of the retailers try to achieve competitive advantage by taking the responses of the customers beyond the level of Just quelled towards exceeding their expectations.Pleasing customers are very harder nowadays (Kettle, 2003). Customers are more thought-provoking component for any organization rather than their competitors. Their buying behaviors are fickle, at least three times a year expecting the best deal from the providers. in addition the above, the worst thing is ninety percent of dissatisfied customers Just switched to other supplier without complaining to former supplier (Kettle, 2003). A marketing strategy which is considered today as the best one may not wee-wee same results in future.Thus, every organization must pay their attention in unload satisfaction of their customers. Since, highly satisfied customers more likely become loyal customers and potentially buy the new products introducing by the company and shows the word of mouth and also pay less attention about competitors and other brands as ell. preceding(prenominal) to all, considering cost related to customers, cost for retaining existing customers are very less than acquiring the new customers and also existing customers are much more utile in many ways for case, word of mouth.Here, word- faithfulness or loyal customers captures the predominant place. Because, Hill & black lovage (2006) pointed out that only through the inscrip tion, customer safekeeping can be secured. 2. 0 Statement of the Problems Factors determining customer satisfaction and customer obedience have been brought to light by marketing research. But, this information still is far away for some producers engaging in the productions and services. Consequently, producers are unable to exploit this information for their success.According to Verdict consulting research (2007), retail supermarket sector in I-J is one of most competitive segments and also pointed out that this competition will create more challenging environment in maintaining their market share. However, some retailers are very successful than their competitors even during the period of European economic downturn. This encouraged the researchers to do this research. We try for that this research will answer the following question regarding customer dedication effectively. 3. Objectives The present study has the following objectives 1. To examine necessary factors of custome r homage in leading super markets of I-J and 2. To determine the key factors of customer loyalty in leading super markets of UK. 3. To suggest some measures in order to improve the customer loyalty in leading 4. 0 Literature round off Managing customer loyalty is the one of major element of customer relationship wariness. Customer satisfied with the present service of organization will likely replete if the firm does the same service later.So every organization has struck with the question how they can increase their loyalty level by adopting the right approaches. Stone (2000) pointed out in his book that using information on the customer data base, there is no reason for a customer loyalty programmer other than finely tuned to meeting customers relationships needs. Loyalty becomes a winning factor for any organization facilitating with high productivity, solid profit and feasibility for steady expansion, competing in present world.When considering the resent states of disloyal ty, it is obvious that it would damage the corporate performance by 25 to 50 percent and possibly more (Astrakhan, 2006). Loyalty is defined as a state of mind, a set of attitudes, beliefs, desires and so on (Stone, 2000). Kettle (2008) said that glad customers become loyal to the organization and customer relationship management (CRM) plays an substantial role in making customers loyal. Further, among the satisfied customers, completely satisfied customers only can be a delighted one. Thus CRM has to focus on customer delight rather than satisfaction.However, Hill and Alexander (2006) argue that misunderstanding of customer loyalty by the senior manages and marketing executives have mislead strategies for securing the customer loyalty and also criticized that many of them take afford to attract the customers by giving some bribe to customers. Instead, customer loyalty has to be earned by the suppliers and customer retention can be achieved when the suppliers satisfy the requireme nts raised by the customers better than their rivals. realty is that in the twenty first century, both not only customers and but also suppliers have to true, faithful and rim in meeting the customers needs.Furthermore, Hill & Alexander (2006) categorized loyalty into four types such as (1) Monopoly loyalty (where customers have little or no cream and they are completely dissatisfied and far away from devoted) (2) Cost of change loyalty (where customers have choice of pick suppliers and reluctant to change their current imputable to the cost and other bothering factors, needs spacious afford to change) (3) Incentive loyalty(this is the type of loyalty created by plenty advert and targeted the customers who are not pending their own money for instance frequent business fliers)(4) commonplace loyalty(this can be viewed most commonly due to the time constraints and familiar routines, convenient location and little afford for instance filling up petrol on the way to work). This p aper is focus on this Habitual loyalty. Here, convenient location, size of supermarket, variety of goods, competitive price plays a significant role.Moreover, degrees of loyalty can differ from one customer to another for instance one customer is more loyal than other. Hill & Alexander (2006) defined these degrees as suspects, respects, customers, clients advocates and partners in a benefit. According to them, degrees of positive commitment increases along pyramid from suspects to partners and also distinguishes the truly loyal customers. Less loyal customer is likely to switch the supplier Based on the previous studies, we can say that there are some studies in different countries, but detailed and comprehensive studies has not that been conducted in I-J especially in supermarket through exploratory study.PaperAny suspicion of copying or plagiarism in this work will result in an investigation of Academic Misconduct and may result in a O on the work, an F in the course, or possibl y more severe penalties, as well as a Disciplinary Notice on your academic record under the Student Code of Academic Conduct, which can be found online at http//www. Reason. Ca/senate/policies/pappy. PDF. Study of Times waiting at Banks Introduction The Issues that are going to be studied are the factors that affect waiting time at a Bank service line.Some of the consequences of long Walt time are customer Relation and employee frustration, which leads to a bad reputation for the bank. The motivations for this research are the improvement of service time, increase in the customer satisfaction and better corporate reputation. This proposal comprises the purpose of the project, target population and limitations for research, an explanation of the approach, and the expected results. Purpose The purpose of this project is to find the causes of the delay time at a Bank ND find the practical ways to avoid the delays.Scope The scope of this project will only be limited to Just one particul ar branch as it would be nearly impossible to obtain data for an entire franchise. We will be looking and analyzing the AD branch located on Horntail SST. Abramson. The target population for this project Includes people of all age ranges going from 12 to 100 specify most of the data that will be collected will be based on daily customers (normally in the age range of 25-55) as they are considerably impacted by the long wait lines as for them time is money.PaperThe questionnaire is designed by the researchers a seven item scale from tryingly disagree (-3) to strongly agree (+3) to identify variables of customer loyalty. In the present study, we, therefore, used Cockroachs alpha scale as a measure of reliability. Its value is estimated to be 0. 897. Sophisticated statistical model as Exploratory Factor Analysis (FEE) has been used. The results show that nine factors extracted from the analysis that together accounted 77. 891 percent of the total variance.Finally, on the basis of facto r score, these factors were ranked (1)sales promotion (2) Provision of information (3)engagement (4)recommendation of the Product or Service(5)new brand (6) The value of brand (7)eliminative (8) Bench Marking and (9) Environmental friendly organization got the ranks of first to nine respectively and constitute the key factors of customer loyalty in leading retail supermarkets in I-J. Moreover, outcome of the research would be helpful to the practitioners, researchers, planners, policy makers and academicians, who are involved in the concerned area.Keywords Customers Customer Loyalty and Retail Supermarkets. 1. 0 Background and Significance In the ever-changing business world, almost every organization pays most attention o the customers ever than before. For any organization, good understanding of customers, their needs and wants, their expectations on price and quality of goods and services increase the potential to succeed. As a result, customer centered marketing has occupied the top place in modern marketing concept. Every organization is ready to pay any means to identify and understand the customers and their needs.Consumers reaction will be in favor of an organization when their desires and expectations have been either met or exceeded in the course of experiencing the service. In the context of a retail supermarket, satisfaction could be interpreted as Just meeting the expectations of the customers, not any sort of exceeding or falling short of the expectations. Most of the retailers try to achieve competitive advantage by taking the responses of the customers beyond the level of Just satisfied towards exceeding their expectations.Pleasing customers are very harder today (Kettle, 2003). Customers are more challenging component for any organization rather than their competitors. Their buying behaviors are fickle, at least three times a year expecting the best deal from the suppliers. Besides the above, the worst thing is ninety percent of dissatisfied c ustomers Just switched to another supplier without complaining to former supplier (Kettle, 2003). A marketing strategy which is considered today as the best one may not produce same results in future.Thus, every organization must pay their attention in complete satisfaction of their customers. Since, highly satisfied customers more likely become loyal customers and potentially buy the new products introducing by the company and shows the word of mouth and also pay less attention about competitors and other brands as ell. Above to all, considering cost related to customers, cost for retaining existing customers are very less than acquiring the new customers and also existing customers are much more profitable in many ways for instance, word of mouth.Here, word- loyalty or loyal customers captures the predominant place. Because, Hill & Alexander (2006) pointed out that only through the loyalty, customer retention can be secured. 2. 0 Statement of the Problems Factors determining custo mer satisfaction and customer loyalty have been brought to light by marketing research. But, this information still is far away for some producers engaging in the productions and services. Consequently, producers are unable to exploit this information for their success.According to Verdict consulting research (2007), retail supermarket sector in I-J is one of most competitive segments and also pointed out that this competition will create more challenging environment in maintaining their market share. However, some retailers are very successful than their competitors even during the period of European economic downturn. This encouraged the researchers to do this research. We hope that this research will answer the following question regarding customer loyalty effectively. 3. Objectives The present study has the following objectives 1. To examine necessary factors of customer loyalty in leading super markets of I-J and 2. To determine the key factors of customer loyalty in leading su per markets of UK. 3. To suggest some measures in order to improve the customer loyalty in leading 4. 0 Literature Review Managing customer loyalty is the one of major element of customer relationship management. Customer satisfied with the present service of organization will likely satisfy if the firm does the same service later.So every organization has struck with the question how they can increase their loyalty level by adopting the right approaches. Stone (2000) pointed out in his book that using information on the customer data base, there is no reason for a customer loyalty programmer other than finely tuned to meeting customers relationships needs. Loyalty becomes a winning factor for any organization facilitating with high productivity, solid profit and feasibility for steady expansion, competing in present world.When considering the resent states of disloyalty, it is obvious that it would damage the corporate performance by 25 to 50 percent and possibly more (Astrakhan, 2 006). Loyalty is defined as a state of mind, a set of attitudes, beliefs, desires and so on (Stone, 2000). Kettle (2008) said that delighted customers become loyal to the organization and customer relationship management (CRM) plays an important role in making customers loyal. Further, among the satisfied customers, completely satisfied customers only can be a delighted one. Thus CRM has to focus on customer delight rather than satisfaction.However, Hill and Alexander (2006) argue that misunderstanding of customer loyalty by the senior manages and marketing executives have mislead strategies for securing the customer loyalty and also criticized that many of them take afford to attract the customers by giving some bribe to customers. Instead, customer loyalty has to be earned by the suppliers and customer retention can be achieved when the suppliers satisfy the requirements raised by the customers better than their rivals. Realty is that in the twenty first century, both not only cus tomers and but also suppliers have to true, faithful and rim in meeting the customers needs.Furthermore, Hill & Alexander (2006) categorized loyalty into four types such as (1) Monopoly loyalty (where customers have little or no choice and they are completely dissatisfied and far away from devoted) (2) Cost of change loyalty (where customers have choice of alternative suppliers and reluctant to change their current due to the cost and other bothering factors, needs immense afford to change) (3) Incentive loyalty(this is the type of loyalty created by mass advertisement and targeted the customers who are not pending their own money for instance frequent business fliers)(4) Habitual loyalty(this can be viewed most commonly due to the time constraints and familiar routines, convenient location and little afford for instance filling up petrol on the way to work). This paper is focus on this Habitual loyalty. Here, convenient location, size of supermarket, variety of goods, competitive p rice plays a significant role.Moreover, degrees of loyalty can differ from one customer to another for instance one customer is more loyal than other. Hill & Alexander (2006) defined these degrees as suspects, respects, customers, clients advocates and partners in a pyramid. According to them, degrees of positive commitment increases along pyramid from suspects to partners and also distinguishes the truly loyal customers. Less loyal customer is likely to switch the supplier Based on the previous studies, we can say that there are some studies in different countries, but detailed and comprehensive studies has not yet been conducted in I-J especially in supermarket through exploratory study.PaperTimothy Hall, tells a story of a bold, independent, self confident, and assertive young women during the time of 1636 to 1638. Hall arranged his novel by organizing the chapters in her life story around statements made at her trial. The study of Hutchinson life gives us the opportunity to ente r into a different world of New Englands founding generation. As Halls questions what should we make of this remarkable women and her tragic fate? How did she understand herself? How did her contemporaries understand her? (Hall,2) are answered and supported throughout the novel. The answers to such questions can come only from a thorough examination of Anne Hutchinson experience with religion, culture, and politics in early modern England and its first colonies. Timothy Hall sets up the first chapter helping the readers comprehend who exactly Anne Hutchinson is, explaining where it is she came from and her back round information. Hutchinson was born during the Protestant Reformation, the year of 1592 in Alfred, Somerset, United Kingdom.Her parents, Francis and Mammary were Puritans strong believers, although, they were forced to convert into the English Church. Ann.s parents had planned to raise her with Puritans beliefs, but also in healing. She was set up to marry William Hutchins on, once they planned to marry and start a family, they planned on raising their soon to be family under a Puritan roof with firm beliefs. In order to go on with this lifestyle without persecution they planned on Joining a trek to America with other Puritans.PaperTo me there is a big difference in a college class discussion verse a discussion you have with your friend. In college classes you have to have a more professional approach in how you speak or answer other classmates. When speaking to your friends who know you, they have good Judgment on when you are Joking around or even if you are being sarcastic. I myself know that my friends and family even my co- workers all have excellent Judgment on my mannerisms.My classmates however unlike my friends, family and co-workers do not know me so during class discussions I will make sure that I make a point to convey my messages with respect and In a good tone so everyone will understand where I am coming from. I enjoy feedback and look forward to my classmates giving me their pollens on things and I scant Walt to see everyone elses point of view on certain topics we discuss.There are many different ways that you can demonstrate respect for your fellow classmates during class discussions such as good understanding, politeness and having a positive attitude towards your peers. It Is good to show your classmates that o understand where they are coming from even if you do not agree, everyone is entitled to their own opinion and everyone has different ways of looking at certain issues.Being polite to your classmates is a great way to show you are respecting them. We are all here to learn and grow together so together we can all achieve our goals and dreams. Approaching your classmates with a positive attitude will always send a good vibe, who has time for negativity navy? I know I certainly don so being positive towards others will go a long way. I will always treat others the way I want myself and my daughter to be tr eated.PaperThe university was founded in 1885, which was before Arizona was officially a state. Arizona holds 31,670 undergraduate students and 8951 graduate students that study the 300+ majors offered. Within these students 120 countries are represented. Tuition costs $29,421 for a non-resident of Arizona. In addition, there is a $9,714 room and board fee. To become a Wildcat, Arizona requires 4 years of English, and either a 21 or above on the English section of the ACT or a 530 on the reading section.They also require 4 years of Mathematics, and a 24 on the math portion of the ACT or a 540 on the math part of the SAT. Arizona also requires that students take 3 years of lab science and score a 20 or higher on the math portion of the ACT. If students took the SAT they might want to consider taking subject tests. Arizona requires 2 years of History classes, one American history course and one other history course. Furthermore, the University of Arizona requires 2 years of consecutiv e classes of a second language (both classes must be the same language). Lastly, the university of Arizona requires 1 year of fine arts.Arizona requires that you maintain a 2. 0 GAP or higher throughout your high school career. During your time In high school you can only get lower than a 2. 0, or C, twice to still be eligible for admission. University of Arizona hosts a Greek system hosting both fraternities and sororities. Arizona Greek system is much larger In comparison to other schools consisting of 47 sororities and fraternities. On campus housing holds 79% of students at Arizona In a total of 24 student-housing facilities. The other 21% live off campus. At Arizona there Is a balance of males and females. % of the population Is female, leaving 48% to male population. Downtown Tucson holds plenty to do for students and acts as the perfect college town. Paper By raunchy University of Arizona higher throughout your high school career. During your time in high school you can syste m is much larger in comparison to other schools consisting of 47 sororities and fraternities. On campus housing holds 79% of students at Arizona in a total of 24 student-housing facilities. The other 21% live off campus.PaperThe questionnaire is designed by the researchers a seven item scale from tryingly disagree (-3) to strongly agree (+3) to identify variables of customer loyalty. In the present study, we, therefore, used Cockroachs alpha scale as a measure of reliability. Its value is estimated to be 0. 897. Sophisticated statistical model as Exploratory Factor Analysis (FEE) has been used. The results show that nine factors extracted from the analysis that together accounted 77. 891 percent of the total variance.Finally, on the basis of factor score, these factors were ranked (1)sales promotion (2) Provision of information (3)engagement (4)recommendation of the Product or Service(5)new brand (6) The value of brand (7)eliminative (8) Bench Marking and (9) Environmental friendly organization got the ranks of first to nine respectively and constitute the key factors of customer loyalty in leading retail supermarkets in I-J. Moreover, outcome of the research would be helpful to the practitioners, researchers, planners, policy makers and academicians, who are involved in the concerned area.Keywords Customers Customer Loyalty and Retail Supermarkets. 1. 0 Background and Significance In the ever-changing business world, almost every organization pays most attention o the customers ever than before. For any organization, good understanding of customers, their needs and wants, their expectations on price and quality of goods and services increase the potential to succeed. As a result, customer centered marketing has occupied the top place in modern marketing concept. Every organization is ready to pay any means to identify and understand the customers and their needs.Consumers reaction will be in favor of an organization when their desires and expectations have be en either met or exceeded in the course of experiencing the service. In the context of a retail supermarket, satisfaction could be interpreted as Just meeting the expectations of the customers, not any sort of exceeding or falling short of the expectations. Most of the retailers try to achieve competitive advantage by taking the responses of the customers beyond the level of Just satisfied towards exceeding their expectations.Pleasing customers are very harder today (Kettle, 2003). Customers are more challenging component for any organization rather than their competitors. Their buying behaviors are fickle, at least three times a year expecting the best deal from the suppliers. Besides the above, the worst thing is ninety percent of dissatisfied customers Just switched to another supplier without complaining to former supplier (Kettle, 2003). A marketing strategy which is considered today as the best one may not produce same results in future.Thus, every organization must pay their attention in complete satisfaction of their customers. Since, highly satisfied customers more likely become loyal customers and potentially buy the new products introducing by the company and shows the word of mouth and also pay less attention about competitors and other brands as ell. Above to all, considering cost related to customers, cost for retaining existing customers are very less than acquiring the new customers and also existing customers are much more profitable in many ways for instance, word of mouth.Here, word- loyalty or loyal customers captures the predominant place. Because, Hill & Alexander (2006) pointed out that only through the loyalty, customer retention can be secured. 2. 0 Statement of the Problems Factors determining customer satisfaction and customer loyalty have been brought to light by marketing research. But, this information still is far away for some producers engaging in the productions and services. Consequently, producers are unable to exploit this information for their success.According to Verdict consulting research (2007), retail supermarket sector in I-J is one of most competitive segments and also pointed out that this competition will create more challenging environment in maintaining their market share. However, some retailers are very successful than their competitors even during the period of European economic downturn. This encouraged the researchers to do this research. We hope that this research will answer the following question regarding customer loyalty effectively. 3. Objectives The present study has the following objectives 1. To examine necessary factors of customer loyalty in leading super markets of I-J and 2. To determine the key factors of customer loyalty in leading super markets of UK. 3. To suggest some measures in order to improve the customer loyalty in leading 4. 0 Literature Review Managing customer loyalty is the one of major element of customer relationship management. Customer satisfied with the present service of organization will likely satisfy if the firm does the same service later.So every organization has struck with the question how they can increase their loyalty level by adopting the right approaches. Stone (2000) pointed out in his book that using information on the customer data base, there is no reason for a customer loyalty programmer other than finely tuned to meeting customers relationships needs. Loyalty becomes a winning factor for any organization facilitating with high productivity, solid profit and feasibility for steady expansion, competing in present world.When considering the resent states of disloyalty, it is obvious that it would damage the corporate performance by 25 to 50 percent and possibly more (Astrakhan, 2006). Loyalty is defined as a state of mind, a set of attitudes, beliefs, desires and so on (Stone, 2000). Kettle (2008) said that delighted customers become loyal to the organization and customer relationship management (CRM) plays an impo rtant role in making customers loyal. Further, among the satisfied customers, completely satisfied customers only can be a delighted one. Thus CRM has to focus on customer delight rather than satisfaction.However, Hill and Alexander (2006) argue that misunderstanding of customer loyalty by the senior manages and marketing executives have mislead strategies for securing the customer loyalty and also criticized that many of them take afford to attract the customers by giving some bribe to customers. Instead, customer loyalty has to be earned by the suppliers and customer retention can be achieved when the suppliers satisfy the requirements raised by the customers better than their rivals. Realty is that in the twenty first century, both not only customers and but also suppliers have to true, faithful and rim in meeting the customers needs.Furthermore, Hill & Alexander (2006) categorized loyalty into four types such as (1) Monopoly loyalty (where customers have little or no choice and they are completely dissatisfied and far away from devoted) (2) Cost of change loyalty (where customers have choice of alternative suppliers and reluctant to change their current due to the cost and other bothering factors, needs immense afford to change) (3) Incentive loyalty(this is the type of loyalty created by mass advertisement and targeted the customers who are not pending their own money for instance frequent business fliers)(4) Habitual loyalty(this can be viewed most commonly due to the time constraints and familiar routines, convenient location and little afford for instance filling up petrol on the way to work). This paper is focus on this Habitual loyalty. Here, convenient location, size of supermarket, variety of goods, competitive price plays a significant role.Moreover, degrees of loyalty can differ from one customer to another for instance one customer is more loyal than other. Hill & Alexander (2006) defined these degrees as suspects, respects, customers, clients a dvocates and partners in a pyramid. According to them, degrees of positive commitment increases along pyramid from suspects to partners and also distinguishes the truly loyal customers. Less loyal customer is likely to switch the supplier Based on the previous studies, we can say that there are some studies in different countries, but detailed and comprehensive studies has not yet been conducted in I-J especially in supermarket through exploratory study.PaperAny suspicion of copying or plagiarism in this work will result in an investigation of Academic Misconduct and may result in a O on the work, an F in the course, or possibly more severe penalties, as well as a Disciplinary Notice on your academic record under the Student Code of Academic Conduct, which can be found online at http//www. Reason. Ca/senate/policies/pappy. PDF. Study of Times waiting at Banks Introduction The Issues that are going to be studied are the factors that affect waiting time at a Bank service line.Some of the consequences of long Walt time are customer Relation and employee frustration, which leads to a bad reputation for the bank. The motivations for this research are the improvement of service time, increase in the customer satisfaction and better corporate reputation. This proposal comprises the purpose of the project, target population and limitations for research, an explanation of the approach, and the expected results. Purpose The purpose of this project is to find the causes of the delay time at a Bank ND find the practical ways to avoid the delays.Scope The scope of this project will only be limited to Just one particular branch as it would be nearly impossible to obtain data for an entire franchise. We will be looking and analyzing the AD branch located on Horntail SST. Abramson. The target population for this project Includes people of all age ranges going from 12 to 100 specify most of the data that will be collected will be based on daily customers (normally in the age r ange of 25-55) as they are considerably impacted by the long wait lines as for them time is money.